On 30th December 1906, Muslim League which is the original name All India Muslim League was formed. It is a political group that led the movement calling for a separate Muslim nation to be created at the time of the partition of British India (1947).
History- The Muslim League was founded in 1906 to safeguard the rights of Indian Muslims. At first, the league was encouraged by the British and was generally favorable to their rule, but the organization adopted self-government for India as its goal in 1913. For several decades the league and its leaders, notably Mohammed Ali Jinnah, called for Hindu-Muslim unity in a united and independent India. It was not until 1940 that the league called for the formation of a Muslim state that would be separate from the projected independent country of India. The league wanted a separate nation for India's Muslims because it feared that an independent India would be dominated by Hindus. Jinnah and the Muslim League led the struggle for the partition of British India into separate Hindu and Muslim states, and after the formation of Pakistan in 1947 the league became Pakistan's dominant political party. In that year it was renamed the All Pakistan Muslim League. But the league functioned less effectively as a modern political party in Pakistan than it had as a mass-based pressure group in British India, and hence it gradually declined in popularity and cohesion. In the elections of 1954, the Muslim League lost power in East Pakistan (now Bangladesh), and the party lost power in West Pakistan (now Pakistan) soon afterward. By the late 1960s, the party had split into various factions, and by the 1970s it had disappeared altogether.
Objective - To promote the loyalty of Indian Muslims towards the British government. To protect the political and other rights of the Indian Muslims and to place their needs and aspirations before the Government. To overcome the feeling of hostility among Muslims towards other communities.
Factor promoting the Muslim league-
• British Plan- Dividing Indians on communal lines and adhered separatist attitude in Indian politics. For example- separate electorate, played caste politics between non- Brahmins and Brahmins.
• Lacks of Education- Muslims were isolated from western and technical education.
• Loss of Sovereignty by Muslims- 1857 revolt makes the British to think that Muslims are dangerous for their colonial policy. As they were established their rule after dethroning the Mughal rule.
• Expression of Religious Color-Most of the historians and radical nationalists glorified India's one side composite culture. Their praises were biased because Shivaji, Rana Pratap, etc. were paraises but they remained silent on Akbar, Sher Shah Suri, Allauddin Khalji, Tipu Sultan, etc.
• Economic backwardness of India- Lack of Industrialisation causes acute unemployment and British attitude towards cottage industry was pathetic.